The techniques of DNA diagnosis have found application in a quite different areas. This is important in areas as diverse as identifying cell culture, determining family relationships, in studies of animal behaviour, immigration problem, to identify criminals or murderer, disputed paternity and in forensic medicine. The most accurate method of identification technique based on recombinant [...]
1. What is Watson and Crick’s Double Helix DNA Model? Ans. According to Watson and Crick’s (1953) Model: i) DNA is a double helical structure. Each helix is made of several nucleotides connected with eath other by phospodiester bonds linking the 3?-OH of one nucleotide with the 5?-OH of the other. ii) Two strands get [...]
The population which is infinitely large and formed of a group of such individuals which have the same chance of mating and producing progeny, provided they are sexually mature and of opposite sex. Panmictic units are integrated into the more or less complex systems of populations composing the species.
The sum total of all different alleles in the breeding members of a population at a given time is known as gene pool.
The proportion of one particular type of allele to the total of all alleles at this genetic locus in a breeding population is known as gene frequency or allele frequency. The proportion of frequency of any particular genotype among the inviduals of a population is known as genotype frequency. If any population of 200 individuals [...]
The principle that both gene and genotype frequencies will remain in equilibrium in an infinitely large population in the absence of mutation, migration, selection and non random imating.
The synthesis of the strand being extended in the overall 5′-3′ direction, called the leading strand and is continuous. The strand being extended in the overall 3′-5′ direction, called the lagging strand, grows by the synthesis of short fragments (= okazaki fragments). Thus the synthesis of lagging strand occurs discontinously
The type II topoisomerase in E. coli is also known as DNA gyrase. It is a treatment with two alpha subunits encoded by the gyrA gene and two beta subunits specified by the gyr B gene. These two genes were formerly known as nal A and cou gene.
The complete replication apparatus moving along the DNA molecule at a replication fork is called the replisome. The replisome contains the DNA pol III and primosome. The replication apparatus carries out semi conservative replication of DNA.
New DNA chain is initiated by a short RNA primer synthesized by DNA primase. The E. coli DNA primase is the product of the dna G gene.
Dr. Amlan Kumar Mitra, Biology Guide Since 2009
