Cell Biology
For many years only nuclear DNA was studied, until a researcher, Anderson, published in 1981 the complete sequence of the mitochondrial DNA. This DNA, coming from the organelle responsible for cellular respiration, possesses no link with nuclear DNA. While less discriminating in the analysis of STRs than nuclear DNA, the characterization of mitochondrial DNA represents [...]
Secondary structure of tRNA This refers to the arrangement of the chain of the molecule to enable it to function in a proper way. Many models have been proposed for the secondary structure of tRNA. Of these, clover leaf model proposed by Holley (1966) is most widely accepted. According to the clover leaf model, the [...]
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One unique character of DNA is its unity and yet infinitesimal variety. The DNA structure mentioned above is uniform in all organisms, whether it is man or virus. At the same time it is also true that DNA is the genetic material that decides the characters of individual organisms. Then how does DNA decide the [...]
Types of RNA: The following are the types of RNA found -a) Genetic RNA b) Ribosomal RNA c) messenger RNA d) soluble or transfer RNA Genetic RNA: In certain viruses, RNA is the only genetic material, DNA being absent. This RNA is self replicating; it is called RNA dependent RNA synthesis. The viral RNA directly [...]
Continue reading about Various types of Ribonucleic Acids (RNA)
Chemical composition of DNA: DNA extract from many living organisms has revealed it to be a complex macromolecule. It is a long chain polymer composed of monomers (units) called nucleotides. Each nucleotide inturn is composed of three sub units. These are – a) nitrogen base, b) sugar and c) phosphate. Nitrogen bases: The nitrogen bases [...]
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